Family planning case study; around the world, gender norms influence the ability of individuals, couples, and families to meet their desired family planning needs.

Family planning case study; around the world, gender norms influence the ability of individuals, couples, and families to meet their desired family planning needs. Provider bias and power imbalances in client-provider and client-client interactions impact the quality and accessibility of family planning reproductive health service providers who have great potential to be change agents. As they overcome biases and offer quality, gender-sensitive, transformative services, they will help all clients make voluntary and informed decisions about their family planning needs, improving both gender equality and reproductive health outcomes. HRH2030 and USAID’s Office of Population and Reproductive Health developed a global gender-competency framework for family planning service providers to improve gender-awareness in health workers. The framework uses the following six domains to organize competencies, each of which are made up of specific knowledge, skills, and attitudes:

1.   What is called the term which refers to an unhealthful intake of dietary nutrients?

2.   What is one of the effects of exposure to high levels of radiation?

3.   Explain how pollutants manage to reach human beings

4.   How many percentage of water approximately present in human body?

5.   The current rates of disease are increasing at alarming speeds and most are closely linked with known

6.   After which incident family planning programs are initiated in most countries?

7.   Explain which group is the main target for family welfare programs

8.   Which organization works as an administrative unit for implementation of Family Welfare Programme in all districts of the State and functioning at State Head quarter?

9.   What is the main aim of Janani Suraksha Yojana which is the programme by the Family Welfare programme?

10. Which is the first country to initiate a Family Planning program in the world?

11. In which year was the Family Planning Insurance Scheme was introduced?

12.  Which is the first State in India to recognize the basic relevance of family planning to nation planning?

ANSWER

Gender Norms, Family Planning, and Health Worker Competencies: A Global Framework for Improving Reproductive Health Outcomes

1. The term that refers to an unhealthful intake of dietary nutrients is called malnutrition.
2. One of the effects of exposure to high levels of radiation is an increased risk of developing cancer, such as leukemia or solid tumors.
3. Pollutants manage to reach human beings through various means, including air pollution (inhalation of pollutants), water pollution (ingestion of contaminated water), soil pollution (consumption of crops grown in contaminated soil), and direct contact with pollutants (such as chemical spills or occupational exposure).
4. Approximately 60% of the human body is made up of water.
5. The current rates of disease are increasing at alarming speeds, and most are closely linked with known risk factors such as unhealthy diets, sedentary lifestyles, tobacco use, alcohol consumption, and environmental pollution.
6. Family planning programs are initiated in most countries after recognizing the need for population control, sustainable development, and improving reproductive health outcomes. The specific incidents or events that lead to the initiation of such programs can vary from country to country.
7. The main target for family welfare programs is typically women and couples of reproductive age who are seeking information, services, and support related to family planning, reproductive health, and maternal and child health.
8. The organization that works as an administrative unit for the implementation of Family Welfare Programme in all districts of the State, functioning at the State Headquarters, can vary depending on the country or region being referred to (National Academies Press (US), 1988). Different countries may have different government bodies or agencies responsible for the implementation of family welfare programs.
9. The main aim of Janani Suraksha Yojana, which is a program by the Family Welfare programme, is to reduce maternal and neonatal mortality by promoting institutional deliveries and providing financial assistance to pregnant women accessing healthcare services (Gupta et al., 2013).
10. The first country to initiate a Family Planning program in the world was India. In 1952, India launched its Family Planning program to address population growth and improve the reproductive health of its citizens.
11. The Family Planning Insurance Scheme was introduced in a specific country or region is not mentioned in the question, so it is difficult to provide a precise answer without further context.
12. The first State in India to recognize the basic relevance of family planning to nation planning was Tamil Nadu. Tamil Nadu implemented successful family planning programs and policies, which contributed to significant improvements in population control and reproductive health outcomes (Muttreja & Singh, 2018).

References 

Muttreja, P., & Singh, S. (2018). Family planning in India: The way forward. DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), 148(Suppl), S1–S9. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_2067_17 

Gupta, S., Pal, D., Tiwari, R. K., Garg, R., Shrivastava, A., Sarawagi, R., Patil, R. V., Agarwal, L., Gupta, P. K., & Lahariya, C. (2013). Impact of Janani Suraksha Yojana on Institutional Delivery Rate and Maternal Morbidity and Mortality: An Observational Study in India. Impact of Janani Suraksha Yojana on Institutional Delivery Rate and Maternal Morbidity and Mortality: An Observational Study in India, 30(4). https://doi.org/10.3329/jhpn.v30i4.13416 

National Academies Press (US). (1988). Summary of the Public Health System in the United States. The Future of Public Health – NCBI Bookshelf. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK218212/ 

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