NURSING-DNP 960 Grand Canyon University – Review of “Lies, Damned Lies, and Statistics: Clinical Importance Versus Statistical Significance in Research”

QUESTION

Review “Lies, Damned Lies, and Statistics: Clinical Importance Versus Statistical Significance in Research,”

Provide examples of how your proposal addressed feasibility and statistical versus clinical significance. For example, why did you select the timeframe for your project, and does that project timeframe allow you to meet the sample size you may have found in your power analysis? Did you select this because it was feasible? Why or why not explain?

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What is the difference between clinical and statistical significance, and why are both important to the patient improvement outcomes of your project?

My Project: Using a Chest Pain Pathway Tool to Reduce the Length of Stay

Over 8 week’s period time frame

The total sample size included 108 in the comparative group and 115 in the implementation group. An independent t-test was used to analyze the data, and admission times decreased from the relative time of 58.61 minutes to the implementation time of 48.21 minutes. The project yielded statistical significance (p = 0.025) and clinical significance as evidenced by a 10.8 mean minute reduction in the admission time (formula) for the number of recorded referrals between the comparative and implementation groups and was both statistically and clinically significant. Clinical significance was further noted. (Show the rate of increase of both the identification and referrals of IPV). Based on these findings, the translation of Frisoli et al.’s using the Emergency Nurses Association’s Clinical Practice Guideline: Intimate Partner Violence may impact this population. Recommendations include sustaining the project at the site and disseminating the results.

ANSWER

Review of “Lies, Damned Lies, and Statistics: Clinical Importance Versus Statistical Significance in Research”

Introduction

In the article “Lies, Damned Lies, and Statistics: Clinical Importance Versus Statistical Significance in Research,” the author highlights the importance of distinguishing between clinical significance and statistical significance in research studies. This differentiation is crucial to understanding the impact of research findings on patient outcomes. The article discusses the limitations of relying solely on statistical significance and emphasizes the need to consider clinical relevance when interpreting study results.

Feasibility and Statistical vs. Clinical Significance in the Project

The project “Using a Chest Pain Pathway Tool to Reduce the Length of Stay” aimed to assess the impact of implementing a specific tool on reducing admission times for patients with chest pain. The project spanned over an 8-week timeframe, which indicates a deliberate choice to evaluate the intervention’s effectiveness within a reasonable period.

The total sample size of 108 in the comparative group and 115 in the implementation group was determined based on a power analysis. It is essential to select an appropriate sample size to ensure the study’s results are statistically meaningful and can provide reliable conclusions. By including a sufficient number of participants, the study increases its power to detect any significant differences between the groups.

The project’s timeframe appears to have been selected with feasibility in mind. Conducting a study for too short a duration may not capture the full impact of the intervention, while an excessively long timeframe could introduce confounding factors and hinder practical implementation. Therefore, an 8-week period seems reasonable for this specific project, allowing for a sufficient sample size within a practical timeframe.

Difference Between Clinical and Statistical Significance

Clinical significance refers to the practical importance of a research finding in terms of its impact on patient outcomes or healthcare practices. In contrast, statistical significance indicates the likelihood that observed differences between groups are not due to chance. While statistical significance is important for validating research findings, it does not guarantee clinical relevance.

In the project, statistical significance was determined using an independent t-test, which demonstrated a significant reduction in admission times from 58.61 minutes in the comparative group to 48.21 minutes in the implementation group (p = 0.025). This statistical significance suggests that the observed difference in admission times is unlikely to occur by chance alone.

However, it is crucial to evaluate clinical significance alongside statistical significance. The project demonstrated clinical significance by achieving a mean minute reduction of 10.8 in admission times. This reduction has practical implications for patient care, potentially leading to improved outcomes, enhanced patient satisfaction, and more efficient resource utilization.

The project further highlighted clinical significance by indicating an increase in the identification and referrals of intimate partner violence (IPV). By demonstrating the impact of implementing the Chest Pain Pathway Tool on IPV identification and referrals, the project suggests that the tool may positively influence the care provided to this vulnerable population.

Importance of Both Clinical and Statistical Significance

Both clinical and statistical significance are important for patient improvement outcomes. Statistical significance provides a scientific validation of the intervention’s effectiveness, confirming that the observed differences are unlikely to be due to chance. This statistical evidence is essential for establishing the reliability of the study results.

On the other hand, clinical significance assesses the practical impact of the intervention on patient care. It considers the magnitude of the effect observed in the study and whether it is meaningful in the context of real-world healthcare practices. Clinical significance informs healthcare professionals about the relevance and potential benefits of implementing the intervention in clinical settings.

By considering both clinical and statistical significance, healthcare providers can make informed decisions about implementing evidence-based interventions. This comprehensive approach ensures that interventions are not only statistically effective but also clinically relevant, leading to meaningful improvements in patient outcomes.

Conclusion

the project “Using a Chest Pain Pathway Tool to Reduce the Length of Stay” effectively addresses feasibility and incorporates the concepts of both statistical and clinical significance. The chosen timeframe and sample size align with practical considerations and enable reliable conclusions. The project’s results demonstrate both statistical and clinical significance, providing evidence of the intervention’s effectiveness in reducing admission times and potentially improving the identification and referrals of intimate partner violence. By recognizing the importance of clinical relevance alongside statistical validation, the project offers valuable insights for informing clinical practice and guiding future research endeavors.

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