NR-516 Chamberlain College of Nursing – Nursing Research Designs and Sampling and Techniques

QUESTION

Nursing research designs and sampling and techniques.Use a minimum of 3 scholarly nursing sources, current within 5 years, to support the work. please address each of the following elements in detail.

Introduction
Quantitative Research Designs
Qualitative Research Designs
Factors Influencing Research Studies
Conclusion

ANSWER

Nursing Research Designs and Sampling and Techniques

Introduction

Nursing research plays a crucial role in advancing evidence-based practice and improving patient care outcomes. The design and sampling techniques used in nursing research are essential for obtaining valid and reliable results. This paper will discuss various research designs, including quantitative and qualitative approaches, as well as factors that influence research studies in nursing.

Quantitative Research Designs

Quantitative research designs are widely used in nursing to gather numerical data and analyze it statistically. These designs aim to measure and quantify phenomena, test hypotheses, and identify relationships between variables. Common quantitative research designs in nursing include experimental, quasi-experimental, correlational, and descriptive designs.

Experimental designs involve manipulating an independent variable to determine its effect on a dependent variable while controlling for confounding factors(Renjith et al., 2021). Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are the gold standard in experimental designs and are frequently used to evaluate the effectiveness of nursing interventions.

Quasi-experimental designs are similar to experimental designs but lack random assignment to groups. They are often used when randomization is not feasible or ethical. These designs are valuable in nursing research to explore cause-and-effect relationships in real-world settings.

Correlational designs aim to examine the relationship between two or more variables without manipulating them. These designs are useful for exploring associations between variables, such as the relationship between pain intensity and quality of life in cancer patients.

Descriptive designs focus on describing and summarizing characteristics of a population or phenomenon. These designs are often used in survey research to collect data on attitudes, beliefs, or experiences of patients or healthcare providers.

Qualitative Research Designs

Qualitative research designs are employed in nursing to explore and understand complex phenomena, often from the perspectives of individuals involved. These designs emphasize the collection of rich, descriptive data through methods such as interviews, observations, and document analysis. Common qualitative research designs in nursing include phenomenology, grounded theory, ethnography, and narrative inquiry.

Phenomenological research aims to understand the essence and lived experiences of individuals with a particular phenomenon. This design involves in-depth interviews and analysis of participants’ descriptions to uncover the meaning and structures of their experiences.

Grounded theory designs focus on the generation of theory from the data collected. Researchers engage in a constant comparative analysis of interviews or observations to identify patterns, categories, and themes that lead to the development of a theory(Renjith et al., 2021).

Ethnographic designs involve studying a cultural group or community to gain an in-depth understanding of their beliefs, practices, and experiences. Researchers spend an extended period immersing themselves in the setting and collecting data through participant observation, interviews, and document analysis.

Narrative inquiry designs explore individuals’ stories and narratives to understand their experiences, meaning-making, and sense of self. Researchers analyze personal stories and narratives to uncover themes and constructs related to the research question.

Factors Influencing Research Studies

Several factors can influence the design and conduct of nursing research studies. These factors include ethical considerations, resource availability, feasibility, research question or purpose, and the target population.

Ethical considerations are paramount in nursing research and involve protecting the rights, privacy, and confidentiality of participants. Researchers must adhere to ethical guidelines and obtain informed consent from participants before their involvement in the study.

Resource availability, including funding, personnel, and equipment, can impact the choice of research design and sampling techniques. Researchers need to assess the feasibility of their proposed study in terms of available resources and their capacity to execute the research plan effectively(Tinkler & Robinson, 2020).

The research question or purpose of the study guides the selection of the research design. If the aim is to explore individuals’ experiences and meanings, qualitative designs are more appropriate. For studies focused on causal relationships or interventions, quantitative designs may be more suitable.

The target population, such as specific patient groups or healthcare settings, can influence the choice of research design and sampling techniques. Researchers must consider the characteristics and diversity of the population to ensure the generalizability and external validity of their findings.

Conclusion

In conclusion, nursing research designs and sampling techniques are critical for generating reliable and valid evidence to inform nursing practice. Quantitative research designs provide numerical data for testing hypotheses and identifying relationships, while qualitative research designs delve into the complexities of human experiences. Factors such as ethical considerations, resource availability, research question, and the target population shape the choice of research design. By carefully considering these elements, nurse researchers can conduct studies that contribute to improving patient outcomes and advancing the field of nursing.

References

Renjith, V., Yesodharan, R., Noronha, J. A., Ladd, E., & George, A. (2021). Qualitative methods in health care research. International Journal of Preventive Medicine, 12(1), 20. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_321_19

Tinkler, L., & Robinson, L. J. (2020). Clinical research nursing and factors influencing success: a qualitative study describing the interplay between individual and organisational leadership influences and their impact on the delivery of clinical research in healthcare. Journal of Research in Nursing, 25(4), 361–377. https://doi.org/10.1177/1744987120904778

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